The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is the central agency authorized to conduct the Civil Services Examination, Combined Defence Services Examination, National Defence Academy Examination and Naval Academy Examination.
The agency's charter is granted by the Constitution of India. Articles 315 to 323 of Part XIV of the constitution, titled Services Under the Union and the States, provide for a Public Service Commission for the Union and for each state.
History
Origin
India's first Public Service Commission was set up on 1 October 1926 by the then British Indian Government in response to demands that more Indians be inducted into the Indian Civil Services. Until then, most senior positions in the civil services were occupied by the British. The function of this first commission were largely advisory and it lacked any authority, and as such it failed to have a meaningful impact on the composition of the service. Following further Indian demands, the British Indian government then set up a Federal Public Service Commission and provided for the formation of provincial level Public Service Commissions under the Government of India Act, 1935.
After the independence of India in 1947, its new constitution envisaged a key role for the civil services in government. The constitution provided for the UPSC and the state PSCs, to set the standards and qualifications for entry to these key services of the government. If requested by the Governor of a state and approved by the President, the UPSC may work for a state, as in Manipur Public Service Commission and Kerala Public Service Commission.
Functions of the Commission
Functions of the UPSC are to conduct examinations for appointment to the services of the Union.
1. Recruitment to services & posts under the Union through conduct of competitive examinations- This is the regular mode of recruitment where an examination is conducted followed by an interview. The annual list of competitive exams is:
2. Recruitment to services & posts under the Central Government by direct selection: This type of recruitment is done to fill immediate/ irregular job vacancies. It is generally done through direct interviews, but sometimes, a written test is conducted preceding the interview.
3. On the suitability of officers for appointment on promotion as well as transfer-on-deputation
4. Advising the Government on all matters relating to methods of Recruitment to various services and posts
5. Disciplinary cases relating to different civil services and
6. Miscellaneous matters relating to grant of extra ordinary pensions, reimbursement of legal expenses etc. ..
Administration and Control
Members of the UPSC
Dholpur House, New Delhi
The Chairman and other members of the UPSC (Union Public Service Commission) are appointed by the President of India. At least half of the members of the Commission are Civil Servants (working or retired) with minimum ten years of experience either in Central or State service.
Every member holds office for a term of six years or until he attains the age of sixty-five years, whichever is earlier.
He can submit his resignation at any time to the President of India. He may be removed from his office by the President of India on the ground of misbehavior (only if an inquiry of such misbehavior is made and upheld by Supreme Court) or if he is adjudged insolvent, or engages during his term of office in any paid employment outside the duties of his office, or in the opinion of the President unfit to continue in office by reason of infirmity of mind or body.
U.P.S.C. is amongst the few institutions which function with both autonomy and freedom along with the country’s higher judiciary and lately the Election Commission.
Names of Members of UPSC
As of January 14,2012, the Commission consists of a Chairman and 9 members. The names of the members in order of appointment to the post are :
- Prof. D.P. Agarwal - Chairman
- Smt. Shashi Uban Tripathi
- Prof. Purushottam Agarwal
- Dr. K K Paul
- Shri I M G Khan
- Shri Prashanta Kumar Mishra
- Shri Vijay Singh (ex-Defence Secretary)
- Smt. Rajni Razdan
- Dr. Venkatarami Reddy Y
- Smt. Alka Sirohi
Recruitment Rules
In accordance with the provisions contained in Article 320 of the Constitution read with the provisions of Union Public Service Commission (Exemption from Consultation) Regulations 1958, Recruitment Rules of all Group ‘A’ and Group ‘B" posts in various Ministries/Departments of Government of India are required to be framed in Consultation with the Commission. Consultation with the Commission is also necessary for framing/amending Recruitment Rules for certain categories of posts under the Employees State Insurance Corporation, The Delhi Municipal Corporation, The New Delhi Municipal Council, Employees Provident Fund Organisation etc. under the relevant Acts made by Parliament in pursuance of the provisions of Article 321.
Reports
The UPSC annually submits a report of its work to the President of India. Further it is sent to each house of Parliament for discussion.
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